Assessing the Momentum for Attack

Those skilled in fighting in ancient times always first ascertained the enemy’s real situation and then devised their plans. Whenever the enemy’s troops are weary and provisions exhausted, the common people are sorrowful and resentful, military orders are poorly trained, equipment is not repaired, plans are not set in advance, outside relief does not arrive, officers are harsh and exploitative, rewards and punishments are carelessly and laxly applied, camp order is in disarray, and victory has made them arrogant—such an enemy can be attacked. If the enemy appoints the worthy and entrusts the capable, has abundant and surplus grain, solid and sharp armor and weapons, harmonious relations with neighbors, and the support of a great power—if the enemy has these conditions, lead the army away and make other plans. Modern Application:The core of this chapter is not how to attack, but how to complete an audit of the enemy’s condition before attacking. Zhuge Liang lists the conditions for attack as a set of observable indicators: organizational exhaustion, resource......