Hu Tao: Movement and Stillness

King Wu inquired of Tai Gong:
"When leading troops deep into enemy territory, where both forces are evenly matched—equal in numbers and strength, locked in stalemate with neither daring to attack—how can I instill fear in the enemy commander, demoralize his ranks, destabilize their formations, and provoke retreat? Then, with drums thundering and battle cries rising, press the advantage to crush their resolve and drive them to rout?"

Tai Gong responded:
"Deploy ambush units ten li behind the enemy's position, concealed along both sides of the road. Dispatch chariots and cavalry to maneuver deep into the enemy's rear, a hundred li distant. Equip these forces with extra banners and signal drums. When battle is joined, let all units strike simultaneously with deafening clamor. The enemy commander will panic, his soldiers scatter in confusion—divisions failing to support each other, officers abandoning their men. Thus shall their defeat be assured."

King Wu pressed:
"But if the terrain denies us flanking positions for ambush, if our chariots cannot penetrate the enemy's rear, and if the foe detects our plans and prepares thoroughly—leaving our troops despondent and commanders fearful, rendering victory impossible—what then?"

Tai Gong answered:
"Profound indeed is Your Majesty's question! In such cases, five days before engagement, send scouts far ahead to observe the enemy's movements and discern signs of their advance. Prepare ambushes at the most disadvantageous terrain for them. Spread our banners wide, thin our ranks to mirror the enemy's front, and engage with equal force—only to feign retreat immediately. Let the gongs signal withdrawal, yet continue retreating three li before turning to counterattack. Then unleash hidden forces to strike their flanks and rear. With the full might of our army committed, the enemy will surely break and flee."

King Wu exclaimed:
"Magnificent strategy!"