Quan Tao: War Chariot

King Wu asked Grand Duke Jiang: "What are the methods of chariot warfare?"   Grand Duke replied: "Infantry warfare values adaptability to changing circumstances, chariot warfare values mastery of terrain, and cavalry warfare values knowledge of hidden paths. Chariots, infantry, and cavalry are all military forces, but their applications differ. For chariot warfare, there are ten deadly terrains and eight advantageous opportunities."   King Wu asked: "What are the ten deadly terrains?"   Grand Duke replied: Death Ground (死地): Terrain where chariots can advance but cannot retreat. Exhaustion Ground (竭地): Crossing treacherous terrain to pursue enemies over long distances. Trapped Ground (困地): Flat terrain ahead but impassable obstacles behind. Perilous Ground (绝地): Terrain where chariots become trapped and cannot escape. Laborious Ground (劳地): Collapsed, waterlogged muddy terrain. Adverse Ground (逆地): Left side blocked by cliffs, right side flat, forcing an uphill climb. Contrary Ground (拂地): Thick grasslands requiring crossing deep waters...